Guide: Prof. Bindu M Kutty
Examiner: Prof. V Mohan Kumar, Emeritus Scientist and Visiting Professor,
Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute of Medical-Sciences & Technology,
Trivandrum -695011, Kerala
Neurophysiology @ NIMHANS |
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Nirmala M successfully defended her PhD work entitled "Neurophysiological Correlates of Mindfulness Meditation - A Polysomnographic and Neurocognitive Study”.
Guide: Prof. Bindu M Kutty Examiner: Prof. V Mohan Kumar, Emeritus Scientist and Visiting Professor, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute of Medical-Sciences & Technology, Trivandrum -695011, Kerala
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Kumari Anshu (PhD Scholar) presented the paper by Moorman and Aston-Jones from the Journal of Neuroscience entitled "Orbitofrontal Cortical Neurons Encode Expectation-Driven Initiation of Reward-Seeking"
ABSTRACT Adaptive execution and inhibition of behavior are guided by the activity of neuronal populations across multiple frontal cortical areas. The rodent medial prefrontal cortex has been well studied with respect to these behaviors, influencing behavioral execution/inhibition based on context. Other frontal regions, in particular the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), are critical in directing behavior to obtain rewards, but the relationship between OFC neuronal activity and response execution or inhibition has been poorly characterized. In particular, little is known about OFC with respect to extinction learning, an important example of context-guided response inhibition. Here, we recorded the activity of OFC neurons while rats performed a discriminative-stimulus (DS)-driven sucrose-seeking task followed by multiple days of extinction of the DS. OFC neuronal activity was maximally responsive (1) to reward-predicting stimuli (RS) that triggered a lever press (i.e., lever-response initiation) and (2) during reward-well approach in pursuit of sucrose (i.e., well-response initiation). RS presentation that was not followed by a lever press or RS presentation during extinction produced weak activation, as did nonrewarded stimulus (NS) presentation regardless of response (press or withhold) or session (DS-sucrose or extinction). Activity related to nonrewarded well entry was minor, and activity was significantly inhibited during reward consumption. Finally, OFC neuronal activity switched selectivity to track rewarded behaviors when the RS/NS contingencies were reversed. Thus, rather than signaling variables related to extinction or response inhibition, activity in OFC was strongest at the initiation of multiple components of reward-seeking behavior, most prominently when valid reward-predicting cues drove these behaviors. Yarreiphang (PhD Scholar) presented the progress of his ongoing PhD research in the areas of Parkinson's Disease using an MPTP mice model.
Vidyadhara J (PhD Scholar) presented the progress of his ongoing PhD work in the area of Parkinson's Disease using an MPTP mice model.
Kumari Anshu (PhD Scholar) presented her ongoing PhD work entitled "Prenatal Valproic Acid exposure in rats: The neural mechanism of changes in attention".
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