Baroreceptor system is an immediate and short term homeostasis mechanism. The set point gets modulated if the stressors/factors stays for a longer duration. There are 3 classical and 2 recent baroreceptor sensitivity measurement methods. Pharmacological agents, Valsalva maneuver and Neck chamber technique coming under classical methods & Sequence method and Spectral method under recent methods. Postural (orthostatic) hypotension, Yogic poses affecting baroreceptors circuitry were covered.
Inbaraj presented the topic covering the history and basics of blood pressure measurements and factors contributing to it. The influence of gravity on arterial pressure was detailed (20 mmHg addon for every feet from heart's level). The anatomical locations of baroreceptors and their physiology was covered next. Aortic sinus respond only to an increase in arterial pressure. Historical aspects of baroreflex research evidences were narrated. Astley Cooper was the first to describe the role of baroreceptor system.
Baroreceptor system is an immediate and short term homeostasis mechanism. The set point gets modulated if the stressors/factors stays for a longer duration. There are 3 classical and 2 recent baroreceptor sensitivity measurement methods. Pharmacological agents, Valsalva maneuver and Neck chamber technique coming under classical methods & Sequence method and Spectral method under recent methods. Postural (orthostatic) hypotension, Yogic poses affecting baroreceptors circuitry were covered. Rashmi presented journal club on the following paper Villa et al, 2018 published in Cell Reports. The title of the paper is "Sex-Specific Features of Microglia from Adult Mice". As the title hints, the paper is all about how microglia work differently in male and female mice. She started her presentation with introduction to microglia and then transcriptomics, the key method employed in the paper. Basically the authors, dissected out the differences in transcriptome (the total transcripts i.e. mRNAs present in a cell) profile of microglia dervied from male and female mice. The male mice profile indicated upregulation of several genes involved in inflammatory response as assesed by cluster analysis. Contrastingly, the female mice profile has fewer inflammatory gene upregulation and is enriched with developmental regulated genes. When female mice derived microglia were transplanted in to male mice subjected to a model of stroke, the extent of damage was lesser and mice recovered faster. Surprisingly, the transplanted mice still continued to maintain the female specific profile indicating that the events are developmentally regulated and lasting. The conclusion of the study states that it is necessary to consider these results to avoid gender bias in research especially in neuroinflammatory diseases.
Mr. Suresh Gupta, Founder and Managing Attorney, SPS Associates, Bengaluru delivered a guest lecture on the topic "Protecting your inventions by patents"
The below mentioned topics were covered. The talk was impressive and informative. 1. Fundamental of Intellectual Property Rights with emphasis on patents 2. Patenting process in India 3. Inventions not patent-able in India 4. Cost involved in obtaining a patent in India Abhilash gallantly defended his thesis on "The Role of Glia In Aging and in Determining the Differential Susceptibility of Two Mice Strains to 1-Methyl-4-Phenyl-1, 2,3,6-Tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)"
Guide: Dr. Phalguni Anand Alladi Co-Guide: Dr. Bindu M. Kutty Mrudula gave a seminar on "Neurobiology of Impulsive Behavior". The discussion covered the neural circuitry in stopping and waiting impulsivity along with the various tests used to assess impulsive behavior.
Rashmi savant presented her PhD work progress. The title of the PhD thesis was 'A study on the mechanisms of action of Chitotriosidase-1 - relevance to pathophysiology of sporadic ALS'.
Guide : Dr.K. Vijayalakshmi Co-Guide : Dr. T.N. Sathyaprabha Aditi opened the Journal Club presentations for the new academic year. The paper was from PNAS journal.
Exploring dysfunctional cellular mechanisms in neuro-degenerative diseases provides insight to mechanism of the disorder. The paper demonstrated a novel interatcion between LRRK2 and auxilin genes and how they bring about dopamine mediated toxicity in PD. Synaptic vesicle pools are recovered at the axon terminal through clathrin mediated endocytosis. This entire process is tightly controlled by phosphoregulated proteins. After pinching off, auxilin binds to a new clathrin coated vesicle and recruits hsc70 to remove the clathrin clutch. This results in producing a synaptic vesicle that can be packaged with neurotransmitters. Defective synaptic vesicle endocytosis in substantia nigra pars compacta dopaminergic neurons couldead to increased levels of cytosolic dopamine. These excess dopamine get oxidised and trigger a cascade of toxic effects. The study demonstrated that LRRK2 mediated phosphorylation of auxin at Ser627 location in a clathrin coated vesicle disrupts endocytosis process. This will result in lot many uncoated vesicles in pre-synaptic terminal and reduced functional synaptic vesicle density. Trivia 1. The mutant LRRK2 gene which sits in 12th chromosome in humans is a concern for google CEO, Sergey Brin. 2. When a resupply mission lifts off in August bound for the International Space Station, it will be carrying an important cargo for researchers studying Parkinson’s disease: A protein considered to be a key to potential future therapies Raghava kick started 2018's seminar series with the topic "Dynamics of Synaptic Transmission".
The talk started with basics of synaptic transmission covering pre and post synaptic dynamics. LTP was taken as an example to explain the dynamics. Salient discussions of the talk:
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